ISRO has successfully test-fired Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)

ISRO has successfully test-fired Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) Mark III project’s high-thrust cryogenic rocket engine. It is India’s first indigenously designed and developed high-thrust cryogenic rocket engine capable of generating a nominal thrust of 19 tonnes. Test: It was conducted at ISRO’s Propulsion Complex at Mahendragiri in Tamil Nadu for 800 seconds time frame which produces 25 per cent more thrust than the burn duration of the engine during flight. The test meet all its parameters. About high-thrust cryogenic rocket engine The engine operates on Gas Generator Cycle. It uses extremely low temperature propellants such as Liquid Hydrogen at -2530 C and Liquid Oxygen at -1930 C. Integration and assembly of the engine and its testing were carried out in ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), a unit of ISRO. Applications This high-thrust cryogenic rocket engine will used to power Cryogenic stage (C25) i.e. the upper stage of the next generation GSLV Mk-III rockets. The rockets are aimed at carrying four-tonne payloads, including future manned missions. This successful test will help ISRO to master this complex, high-performance cryogenic propulsion technology which will further help in building self-reliance for the Indian space programme

July 23 National Broadcasting day.

Every year July 23 is observed as National Broadcasting day. On this day in 1927, Indian Broadcasting Company (IBC) began organized radio broadcasting from Bombay station. To mark the occasion, All India Radio (AIR) had organized a symposium on the subject Creation of New India and Broadcasting Medium in New Delhi. Radio Broadcasting in India In India, radio broadcasting began during the British rule in 1923 under the imitative of the Radio Club of Bombay. Later in 1927, IBC which was a private entity was granted permission by British Government to operate two radio stations in Mumbai (then Bombay) and Kolkata (then Calcutta). Since then it has gained immense popularity and had changed the socio-economic life of people. In 1930, British Government took over radio broadcasting and started the Indian State Broadcasting Service (ISBS). Later it was changed to All India Radio (AIR) in 1936 and Akashwani in 1957. Present Scenario: Currently, AIR is one of the largest public broadcasting organisations in the world. It is largest in terms of the spectrum of socio-economic, the number of languages of broadcasts and cultural diversity it serves. AIR service now comprises around 414 stations located across the country with reach to the 99.19 per cent of the total population and 92 per cent of the country’s area in 23 languages and 146 dialects.

China launched two new navigational satellites

China launched two new navigational satellites into space as part of its domestic navigation system BeiDou (meaning Compass). The 18th and 19th satellites (of total constellation of 35 satellites) were successfully launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwestern Sichuan province. About BeiDou Satellite Navigation System BeiDou is 2nd generation of the Chinese navigational system seen as rival to the US’s Global Positioning System (GPS). Comprises constellation of total 35 satellites in two separate satellite constellations viz. limited test system (operational since 2000) and a full-scale global navigation system which is currently under construction. Became operational in China in December 2011, with the constellation of 10 satellites. In December 2012, it began offering services to customers in the Asia-Pacific region and on its completion in 2020, it will provide services to global customers. Applications: Currently it used for civilian services in field of navigation, messaging, transportation and weather forecasting sectors. It also has military applications.

Hepatitis Day on July 28

World Hepatitis Day is being observed every year on July 28 around the globe. Focus of the day: To spread awareness about viral hepatitis, that causes acute and chronic disease and kills around 1.4 million people every year. It also seeks to encourage diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Hepatitis. 2015 Theme- Prevent Hepatitis: It’s up to You. About World Hepatitis Day It is being observed since 2010 and is one of the 8 official global public health campaigns marked by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO in May 2010 had passed resolution for observance of this day on viral hepatitis which provides official endorsement. Prior to this, World Hepatitis Alliance (WHA) had launched campaign in concern of chronic viral hepatitis in 2008. 28 July was chosen to mark the birthday of Professor Baruch Blumberg. He had discovered hepatitis B virus and was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1976) for this discovery. What is Hepatitis? Hepatitis name has derived from Greek word ‘Hepar’ meaning liver and ‘itis’ meaning inflammation. Thus, it is a medical condition in which there occurs inflammation of liver cells and its complications vary with the type of infection. What are different types of Hepatitis? There are 5 types of hepatitis viz. A, B, C, D and E. Each type is caused by a different hepatitis virus. What causes Hepatitis? It is mostly caused by a group of viruses called hepatitis viruses and also be caused by intoxicants like drugs, alcohol, chemicals and other infections and autoimmune diseases.

Microsoft launched its new operating system Windows-10

US Software giant Microsoft launched its new operating system Windows-10 with a host of new features.  It was launched by Microsoft’s India-born CEO Satya Nadella at a global launch event held in Kenya. Windows 10 includes features such as Cortana: Microsoft’s voice-based smart assistant similar to Apple’s Siri and Google’s Iris. Xbox app: for gaming Microsoft Edge: new web browser which has replaced Microsoft’s Internet Explorer. Windows Hello: It will offer a fast, password-free, secured way to log in with face recognition. Enhanced Windows Defender and SmartScreen: It will help to safeguard against viruses, malware and phishing. Windows-10 will be available in 190 countries as a free upgrade or with new PCs and tablets. . Microsoft has mentioned that the Windows 10 is the most secure Windows ever.

new frog species names ‘Indirana Salelkari’

Wildlife researchers have discovered new frog species in Netravali forest sanctuary of Goa. The discovered species has been christened as ‘Indirana Salelkari’ after Netravali Range Forest Officer Prakash Salelkar for his contribution to conservation of wildlife. It was discovered by team of researchers consisting of Nikhil Modak, Ninad Gosavi, Neelesh Dahanukar and Anand D Padhye. Indirana Salelkari has distinguished combination of morphological and genetically characters which are different from other known species of the genus. They belong to species of caecilians (legless amphibians). Its habitat is generally occupied in nearby riparian habitats of Goa’s Netravali forest sanctuary.

new secret planetary system

Astronomers have discovered a new secret planetary system which has 3 super-Earths and one outer giant planet. This secret planetary system christened as HD219134, is located at a distance of just 21 light years from Earth and has the constellation named Cassiopeia. The constellation hosts one outer giant planet and three inner super-Earths. Of these inner planets, one of them transits in front of the star and so far it is the closest transiting planet known. The transiting super Earth planet has a density similar to the Earth. The three inner planets are mostly rocky. This new secret planetary system was discovered by using HARPS-N spectrograph, a specially designed high-precision radial-velocity instrument built by an international consortium. It has been installed at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo on the La Palma Island in Spain.

ASIA S BIGGEST MULTI APPLICATION SOLAR TELESCOPE [MAST]

Multi-Application Solar Telescope (MAST), Asia’s biggest telescope was inaugurated at the Udaipur Solar Observatory in Rajasthan. It was inaugurated by Professor U.R Rao, Chairman of Physical Research Laboratory, inaugurated. Facts about of MAST The telescope was installed under the project undertaken by Union Ministry of Science and Technology and was funded by Department of Space (DoS). The project will be monitored by Ahmedabad based Physical Research Laboratory. Features: MAST has a lens of 50 cm in diameter. These lenses were developed on the basis of optical and mechanical system of Belgium. The rear part of MAS has been developed by the observatory while its front part was developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). MAST has been designed in 2004 and its optical elements were added to it in 2008. In 2013, it was installed at the Udaipur Solar Observatory. Applications: It will provide 3 Dimensional (3D) images of solar activities such as solar blast and solar flares. It will also in vital studies about other planetary movements even in the day time. Site Specifications: Udaipur Solar Observatory was chosen as project site due to pleasant temperature around it as it is surrounded by water. Besides, the site provides ambient spot for observatory as it has more than 250 days of continuous sunshine, allowing observing the sun properly during day time

India Offered Help in Missile Defence Technology by NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which is led by the U.S, has offered to share its missile defence technology with India. NATO has specified that the nature of threats faced by the 28-nation Group as well India is the same and hence, cooperation between the two can be of strategic significance. With this offer, India has become the second nation besides Russia with which the US-led military alliance is willing to work in the critical missile defence technology sector. According to NATO officials, since both NATO nations and India face missile threat, the ability to defend against it could be made more potent by cooperating with each other. In fact, NATO's security dialogue with India can be raised to the same level as that of the existing bilateral dialogue between the United States and India, officials added. NATO has stated that it wants a deeper engagement with India in fields ranging from counter-terrorism and anti-piracy to cyber-security and ballistic missile defence (BMD). NATO officials further indicated that while India’s strategic situation differs, the technology of identifying and intercepting missiles is the same.  NATO has stated that since it is seriously venturing into the Ballistic Missile Technology (BMD), India can also benefit if NATO and India can train together and have cooperation in the area. Besides, since India and other NATO countries share the same threats, an overall stability can be attained by cooperating with each other.  In fact, NATO was also forging a special partnership with Russia which is outside of the NATO. India has become the fourth country to have successfully tested the anti-missile system after the US, Russia and Israel. India's BMD programme, launched in the middle of the previous decade, is a two-tiered shield system consisting of two interceptor missiles, namely the Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile for high altitude interception and the Advanced Air Defence (AAD) missile for lower altitude interception. However, the Indian BMD, mainly focusing to counter missiles with less than 5,000-km range, is still to become operational as further tests of the BMD system are being planned. The NATO missile defence project, launched in May 2001, aims to work with member-countries to meet the group's responsibility of defending itself from missile attacks. As of now, NATO is conducting three missiles defence-related activities including theatre ballistic missile defence capability for short- and medium-range ballistic missile threats, missile defence for the entire NATO territory and missile defence cooperation with Russia. The multiple-missile threat defence system called the National Missile Defence (NMD) of the US can shield an entire country against incoming missiles, such as intercontinental ballistic missiles of over 7,500-kilometer range and other shorter range ballistic missiles. NATO feels that India can benefit largely from these mega missile defence projects and can strengthen relations between them.

Successful test for the Indian ASTRA BVR missile

India’s Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air-to-air missile ASTRA completed a successful test flight on thursday. Developed by the Indian Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO), the unarmed missile was launched from a Sukhoi Su-30MKI against a Lakshya target over the Integrated Test Range in Balasore, off the coast of Odisha. Telemetry and Electro-optical tracking stations confirmed the successful engagement. Operational ASTRA missiles will carry a 15kg high-explosive fragmentation warhead.

It was the fifth air launch of the Indian BVR missile. The first live launch was carried out on May 4, 2014. A previous test earlier this week has failed, as the missile failed to launch. More tests are scheduled to follow, as part of the weapon’s validation and integration program, with SU-30MKI and LCA, activities currently undertaken by Hindustan Aircraft Ltd. The recent test confirmed the missile’s high turn rate (30g). Astrais designed to intercept targets beyond visual range, head on at a range of 80km, or 20 km-range in tail-chase mode.

Prior to the live launch, rigorous Captive Flight Tests (CFTs) were carried out by IAF with the support from HAL during the 2012-2014 period. The CFT trials were carried out in three phases to assess the aero-structural and mechanical integrity for carriage, validation of Weapon Control System and its electrical and avionic interfaces with missile and performance of missile system in transmission and reception mode of missile seeker respectively.

RAFALE FIGHTER

India is doubling the number of Rafale jet fighters it intends to buy from France, increasing the quantity of aircraft built in France from 18 to 36. Indian prime minister Narendra Modi and French president Francois Hollande have reached the agreement during their summit meeting today in Paris. The procurement will be part of a government-to-government (G2G) deal worth $7.5 billion, rather than the commercial sale by the manufacturer Dassault Aviation, that would have cost over $20 billion which has been dragged along for three years.

This decision represents the second win for Rafale this year, following the Egyptian order for 24 aircraft that could be built within two years. Qatar and UAE have expressed interest in buying the French fighter (UAE is in for 60 jets, Qatar has a requirement for 36). Dassault is currently producing about one aircraft per month (the minimum rate designed to fulfill the deliveries for the French military by 2018). The company said it can increase production rate to 2.5 aircraft per month, which could deliver the Egyptian, Indian and remaining French orders by mid 2017. However, according to Indian defense minister Manohar Parrikar, the jets are not expected in India before the end of 2017. “Fly-away means not tomorrow, it has to be designed as per India’s need, plus there is a requirement of working out the price.” Parrikar said.

Higher Cost, Faster Delivery
The original deal was for 126 fighter aircraft under the Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA) contest. Dassault Aviation Rafale was shortlisted in 2012 after rigorous evaluation but negotiations have been stuck over pricing and delivery guarantees for the aircraft manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) in India. Dassault’s bid price was 10 billion, but the program cost soon escalated to over $20 billion, due to the investments of technology transfer and infrastructure involved with life-cycle support cost. However, while average cost per aircraft would cost $158 million under the original plan, the current buy represents per aircraft cost of 208 million.

It is anticipated that a direct purchase would better control the cost and risk, as it will not involve technology transfer. Since the first deal will pay for much of the initial infrastructure and support costs necessary to maintain the aircraft in India, it is expected that future orders could cost less. A direct sell will also buy time for further discussions enabling the two sides to agree on future options that would include local production.

Analysts also expect the G2G deal involve more Indian private sector companies, as it will not be bound to go through HAL, but rather involve the Reliance group – the local partner Dassault has selected for the MMRCAproject.

Buy in France or Make in India?
While the Rafale was an important part of Modi’s ‘Make in India’ campaign, the urgency and need for replacement of IAF MiG-21 and MiG-27 units left little room for alternatives. Nevertheless, the agreement over Rafale was part a comprehensive pact included 17 different agreements, pertaining to in urban development, railways, defence and the nuclear sectors. France also intends to invest two billion euros in Indian technology ventures, responding to Modi’s invitation to French businesses to invest in his ‘Make in India’ initiative.

French companies are in discussion with India for the construction of six power-generating nuclear reactors with a total power generation capacity of about 10,000 MW. The program known as Jaitapur project follows a partnership agreement between India’s Larsen and Toubro and France’s Areva that will lead the project.

While the Rafale was an important part of Modi’s ‘Make in India’ campaign, the urgency and need for replacement of IAF MiG-21 and MiG-27 units left little room for alternatives. Nevertheless, the agreement over Rafale was part a comprehensive pact included 17 different agreements, pertaining to in urban development, railways, defence and the nuclear sectors. France also intends to invest two billion euros in Indian technology ventures, responding to Modi’s invitation to French businesses to invest in his ‘Make in India’ initiative. The G2G sale of the rafale is likely to cost $7.5 billion and, according to Indian offset policy, would require a ‘buyback’ of about $2.3 billion – about the same amount that France has committed to invest in Indian technology initiatives. Indian sources explain this leaves the net worth of the current deal at about four billion Euros.

French companies are in discussion with India for the construction of six power-generating nuclear reactors with a total power generation capacity of about 10,000 MW. The program known as Jaitapur project follows a partnership agreement between India’s Larsen and Toubro and France’s Areva that will lead the project.

Vikramaditya Growing Air-Defense Teeth

The Indian Navy completed refitting its new aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya with Barak-1 air defense systems and associated radars, preparing the new carrier for operational service. The carrier was acquired from Russia and commissioned into service in November 2013 without self protection systems.

The Vikramaditya is equipped with an Israeli Barak-1 point defence missile system and Russian made AK-630 close-in weapon system, ‘borrowed’ from a to-be-decommissioned Godavari-class ship. According to Vice-Admiral P. Murugesan, Vice-Chief of the Naval Staff the carrier was originally scheduled to receive the Barak-8 long-range surface-to-air missile (LRSAM) system developed jointly with Israel, but the new system has yet to be inducted to service, pending final acceptance tests on the Kolkata Class destroyer.

INDIA ISRAEL SET TO CONDUCT THE BARAK 8 MRSAM

India and Israel are likely to conduct the first at-sea trial of the Barak 8 medium range surface to air missile system (MRSAM), on board an Israeli Navy vessel. Jointly developed by the two countries, the weapon provides an area air defense protecting vessels against any adversary weapons the Indian or israeli may face, including missiles, aircraft and drones.

Upon a successful completion of the test in Israel, another test would be conducted on board the Indian P-15 destroyer Kolkata in September, leading to the induction of the system with Barak 8 / MRSAM missiles on Indian and Israeli Navy surface ships in 2016.

The system was jointly developed by IAI in Israel and DRDOin India, under a cooperation of IAI Missile and Space Division, IAI Elta, responsible for the radar, the Indian Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) responsible for certain propulsion systems and Rafael, developing the missile interceptor. For the production phase BDL is will produce the missile in a new plant established near the city of Hyderabad. Full rate production is likely to begin in 2016.

Once cleared for operations, the LRSAM will be fitted on the P-15 A Kolkata Class guided-missile destroyers of the Indian Navy, and Eilat Class (Saar V) corvettes of the israeli Navy. It will also be integrated on the new Saar 6 corvettes being built in Germany, expected to join the Israel Navy towards the end of the decade. The Kolkata already has the radar, fire controls and launchers for 32 missiles. One of the Israeli Saar V boats has received the MF-STAR radar to support the new missiles and is likely to be equipped with other elements of the system to support the upcoming test.

The missile’s first ballistic flight test (short-range) was successfully conducted in Israel in May 2010. The first control navigation test of the missile was conducted in 2012. The missile had undergone successful full-system trials in Israel in November 2014, testing both land and naval missile system during a single test series. As per the original plan, the short-range tests at sea are to be held in Israel and the long-range tests in India.

The core of the MRSAM/Barak-8 system is the MF-STAR active phased array radar, providing search, track, target acquisition and fire control for the vessel’s weapon systems, including air-defense functions

DEFANCE TECHNOLOGY of INDIA MMRCA: RAFEL

After selecting the Rafale in a direct buy from France and scrapping the Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA) tender for 126 aircraft, India is likely to recompete the program, inviting bidders to compete on the production of 90 fighter jets for the Indian Air Force. The Air Force requires at least 126 aircraft to replace aging fighter jets to be withdrawn from service in the coming decade. Although India agreed to buy 36 Rafales directly from France, the air force needs the remaining 90 aircraft to replace hundreds of its MiG-21, 27 and Jaguars reaching the end of their service life.

A Request for Proposal (RFP) is expected to be drafted soon after the new Defence Procurement Procedure (DPP) comes in place.

Although not as big as the original 126 aircraft MMRCAtender, the new program is expected to be one of the biggest projects under the ‘Make in India’ campaign, as the cost of the programme is expected to be around $30 billion. Out of the 90 aircraft, 54 will be single-seaters and the remaining 36 tandem-seaters. The base order will be for 90 aircraft with an option for 45 additional fighters as a follow-on order.

According to the sources, the RFP will recompete the types that have already been evaluated by the IAF. These included Russia’s MIG-35 (RAC MiG), Swedish Gripen, FrenchDassault Rafale, American Lockheed Martin F-16IN andBoeing’s F/A-18IN Super Hornet and Typhoon made by the European Eurofighter consortium.

BAE Systems has cut its production cost by 20 per cent while upgrading some features. SAAB has also said there are chances for the re-introduction of Gripen in India, with Gripens offered under ‘Make-in-India’ or as new and assembled aircraft to India, to replenish obsolete fighters. Russian sources also claim Moscow is willing to put the Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft FGFA) on the fast track, anticipating orders from New Delhi toward the end of the decade.

While the president of France and Indian Prime Minister agreed in principle on the supply of 36 French DassaultAviation Rafale fighter jets to India, the contract nas not been signed yet, as the sides have not reached an agreement on the share of offset India will receive. France insists that the offset clause would raise the cost and delay deliveries. India demands a higher than regular level of 50 percent, rather that the standard 30 percent reinvestment required for large deals.

Why is it hot in summer and cold in winter?

Because the earth's axis is tilted.

It is all about the tilt of the Earth's axis. Many people believe that the temperature changes because the Earth is closer to the sun in summer and farther from the sun in winter. In fact, the Earth is farthest from the sun in July and is closest to the sun in January!

During the summer, the sun's rays hit the Earth at a steep angle. The light does not spread out as much, thus increasing the amount of energy hitting any given spot. Also, the long daylight hours allow the Earth plenty of time to reach warm temperatures.

During the winter, the sun's rays hit the Earth at a shallow angle. These rays are more spread out, which minimizes the amount of energy that hits any given spot. Also, the long nights and short days prevent the Earth from warming up. Thus, we have winter!

 EVERY DAY SCIENCE

1. Which is the outermost planet in the solar system?
1. Mercury
2. Pluto
3. Neptune
4. Uranus


2. The SI unit of charge is __________.
1. Ampere
2. Coulomb
3. Ohm
4. Volt


3. Very High Frequency (VHF) have __________ wavelengths.
1. shorter
2. shortest
3. longer
4. longest


4. Long-sight defect could be corrected by using __________ lens.
1. concave
2. vonvex
3. diverging
4. none of these


5. Deficiency of Vitamin-A results in __________.
1. night blindness
2. rickets
3. scurvy
4. hair fall


6. For a fixed mass of gass at constant temperature, if we decrease volume, the pressure will _________.
1. also decrease
2. increase
3. remains constant
4. none of these


7. The lifespan of Red Blood Cells is __________ days.
1. 60
2. 120
3. 180
4. 240


8. The density of water is __________.
1. 1 g/cm³
2. 1.5 g/cm³
3. 2 g/cm³
4. none of these


9. Radioactivity was discovered by __________.
1. Kelvin
2. Thomson
3. Rutherford
4. Bacquerel


10. A device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called __________.
1. motor
2. generator
3. moving-coil meter
4. battery

RAS MAIN EXAM. SYLLABUS

RPSC RAS 2015 Syllabus for Main Examination

Paper I:

• History, Culture,Art,Literature, Tradition & Heritage of Rajasthan
• Indian History
• Indian Constitution, Political System & Governance
• History of Modern World
• Economic concepts of Indian Economy
• Economy of Rajasthan
• Geography of Rajasthan
• Geography of world and India

Paper II:

• General Science and Technology
• General Knowledge and studies

Paper III:

• Current Sensitive Issues
• India and Global Perspective
• Administrative ethics
• General and administrative management
• Current Affairs

Paper IV:

• Knowledge of Language (English or Hindi)

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RAS pre syllabus

Paper I -

General Knowledge and General Science -

Max Marks - 200

Time - 3 Hours

There will be 1 50 questions of multiple choice (Objective Type), carrying equal marks.

There will be negative marking. 1/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer.

RPSC RAS Pre Syllabus:-

History, Art, Culture, Literature, Tradition & Heritage of Rajasthan

• Major Landmarks in the History of Rajasthan,Major Dynasties, their Administrative and Revenue System. Socio- cultural Issues.
• Freedom Movement, Political Awakening and Integration
• Salient features of Architecture–Forts and Monuments
• Arts, Paintings and Handicrafts
• Important Works of Rajasthani literature. Local Dilects
• Fairs, Festivals, Folk Music and Folk Dances.
• Rajsathani Culture, Traditions and Heritage.
• Religious Movements, Saints & Lokdevtas of Rajasthan.
• Important Tourist Places.
• Leading Personalities of Rajasthan.

Indian History

Ancient & Medieval Period:-

• Salient features and Major Landmarks of Ancient and Medieval India
• Art, Culture, Literature and Architecture.
• Major Dynasties, Their Administrative System. Socio- Economic Conditions, Prominent Movements.

Modern Period:-

• Modern Indian history (from about the middle of the eighteenth century until thepresent)- significant events, personalities and issues.
• The Freedom Struggle & Indian National Movement-its various stages and important contributors and contributions from different parts of the country.
• Social and Religious Reform movements in the 19th and 20th century. Post-independence consolidation and reorganiza tion within the country.

Geography of World and India

World Geography:

• Broad Physical features.
• Environmental and Ecological Issues.
• Wildlife and Bio-diversity.
• International Waterways.
• Major Industrial Regions.

Geography of India:

• Broad physical features and Major physiographic divisions.
• Agriculture and Agro based Activities.
• Minerals–Iron, Manganese, Coal, Oil & Gas, Atomic minerals.
• Major Industries and Industrial development.
• Transportation–major transport corridors.
• Natural Resources
• Environmental Problems and Ecological Issues

Geography of Rajasthan

• Broad physical features and Major physiographic divisions.
• Natural Resource of Rajasthan- Climate, Natural Vegetation, Forests, Wildlife and Bio-diversity
• Major irrigation projects.
• Mines and Minerals.
• Population.
• Major Industries and Potential for Industrial Development.

Indian Constitution, Political System & Governance

Constitutional Development & Indian Constitution:-

Government of India Acts: 1919 and 1935, Constituent Assembly, Nature of Indian Constitution; Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State, Fundamental Duties, Federal Structure, Constitutional Amendments, Emergency Provisions, Public Interest Litigati on (P.I.L.) and Judicial Review.

Indian Political System and Governance: Nature of Indian State, Democracy in India, Reorganization of States, Coalition Governments, Political Parties, National Integration.
Union and State Executive; Union and State Legislative, Judiciary
President, Parliament, Supreme Court, Election Commission, Comptroller andAuditor General, Planning Commission, National Development Council, Central VigilenceCommission (CVC), Central Iinformation Commission, Lokpal, National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).
Local Self Government & Panchayati Raj

Public Policy & Rights

• National Public Policy as a welfare state.
• Various Legal Rights and Citizen Charter.

Political and Administrative System of Rajasthan

• Governor, Chief Minister, State Assembly, High Court, Rajasthan Public Service
• Commission, District Administration, State Human Rights Commission, Lokayukt, State Election Commission, State Information Commission.
• Public Policy, Legal Rights and Citizen Charter

Economic Concepts and Indian Economy Basic Concepts of Economics

Basic Knowledge of Budgeting, Banking

• Public Finance, National Income, Growth and Development
• Accounting-Concept, Tools and Usesin Administration
• Stock Exchange and Share Market
• Fiscal and Monetary Policies
• Subsidies, Public Distribution System
• e-Commerce
• Inflation- Concept, Impact and Control Mechanism

Economic Development & Planning :

• 5 Year Plans-Objectives, Strategies and Achievements.
• Major Sectors of Economy-Agriculture, Industry, Service and Trade -Current Status, Issues & initiatives.
• Major Economic Problems and Government Initiatives. Economic Reforms and Liberalization

Human Resource and Economic Development : -Human Development Index

Poverty and Unemployment: -

Concept, Types, Causes, Remedies and Current Flagship Schemes. Social Justice and Empowerment:-Provisions for Weaker Sections

Economy of Rajasthan

• Macro overview of Economy.
• Major Agricultural, Industrial and Service Sector Issues.
• Growth, Development and Planning.
• Infrastructure & Resources.
• Major Development Projects.
• Programmes and Schemes-Government Welfare Schemes for SC/ST/Backward Class/Minorities/Disabled Persons, Destitute, Women, Children, Old Age People, Farmers & Labourers.

Science & Technology

• Basics of Everyday Science
• Electronics, Computers, Information and Communication Technology.
• Space Technology including Satellites.
• Defence Technology
• Nanotechnology
• Human body, Food and Nutrition, Health care.
• Environmental and Ecological Changes and its Impacts.
• Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering.
• Agriculture, Horticulture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry with special reference to Rajasthan.
• Development of Science and Technology in Rajasthan.

Reasoning & Mental Ability

Logical Reasoning (Deductive, Inductive, Abductive):

Statementand Assumptions, Statement and Argument, Statements and Conclusion, Courses of Action.

Analytical Reasoning

Mental Ability:- Number series, Letter series, Odd man out, Coding-Decoding, Problems relating to Relations, Shapes and their sub sections.

Basic Numeracy:-

Elementary knowledge of Mathematical and Statistical Analysis
Number System, Order of M agnitude, Ratio and Proportion, Percentage, Simple and Compound Interest, Data Analysis (Tables, Bar diagram, Line graph, Pie-chart).

Current Affairs

• Major Current Events and Issues of State(Rajsathan), National and International Importance
• Persons and Places in reccent news
• Games and Sports related Activities

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